![]() The valence electrons are the ones in the 2s and 2p orbitals and these are the ones that participate in bonding and chemical reactions. So, in order to predict the valency and geometry of the carbon atom, we are going to look at its electron configuration and the orbitals. Remember also that covalent bonds form as a result of orbital overlapping and sharing two electrons between the atoms. A reminder that in tetrahedral geometry, all the angels are 109.5 o and the bonds have identical length. It is confirmed experimentally that the carbon atom in methane (CH 4) and other alkanes has a tetrahedral geometry. Let’s start first by answering this question: Why do we need the hybridization theory? ![]()
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